{"id":387,"date":"2022-09-01T12:04:39","date_gmt":"2022-09-01T12:04:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/peersupport.training\/?post_type=article&p=387"},"modified":"2023-03-01T14:40:21","modified_gmt":"2023-03-01T14:40:21","slug":"principles-of-peer-support","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/peersupport.training\/is\/article\/principles-of-peer-support\/","title":{"rendered":"2. Meginreglur jafningjastu\u00f0nings"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Inngangur<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Eitt helsta verkefni jafningjastu\u00f0nings er a\u00f0 byggja upp samband vi\u00f0 hinn a\u00f0ilann me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 tengjast honum. \u00deetta er ekki alltaf au\u00f0veldasta verkefni\u00f0: b\u00e6\u00f0i stu\u00f0ningsma\u00f0urinn og s\u00e1 sem \u00feiggur stu\u00f0ning hafa upplifa\u00f0 mismunandi l\u00edfsreynslu og vi\u00f0 getum ekki gengi\u00f0 \u00fat fr\u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 vitum til hl\u00edtar hva\u00f0 einhver hefur gengi\u00f0 \u00ed gegnum. \u00dea\u00f0 hvernig vi\u00f0 skiljum umhverfi okkar, samb\u00f6nd og atbur\u00f0i sem eiga s\u00e9r sta\u00f0 \u00ed l\u00edfi okkar er undir \u00e1hrifum af gildum okkar, menningarlegu uppeldi, menntun og m\u00f6rgu \u00f6\u00f0ru sem gerir okkur a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed sem vi\u00f0 erum. Af \u00feessum s\u00f6kum \u00feurfum vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 hafa \u00ed huga hvernig vi\u00f0 n\u00e1lgumst a\u00f0ra og vera opin fyrir athugasemdum \u00feeirra. \u00dea\u00f0 getur veri\u00f0 erfitt a\u00f0 n\u00e1lgast einhvern sem \u00fej\u00e1ist og hann g\u00e6ti veri\u00f0 mj\u00f6g vi\u00f0kv\u00e6mur fyrir b\u00e6\u00f0i munnlegum og \u00f3or\u00f0um v\u00edsbendingum sem \u00fe\u00fa g\u00e6tir veri\u00f0 a\u00f0 gefa \u00f3me\u00f0vita\u00f0 - til d\u00e6mis a\u00f0 sj\u00e1 sm\u00e1 vanl\u00ed\u00f0an sem h\u00f6fnun og misl\u00edkun. Til \u00feess a\u00f0 gera siglinguna a\u00f0eins au\u00f0veldari \u00ed \u00feessum a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0um h\u00f6fum vi\u00f0 sett saman nokkrar reglur um jafningjastu\u00f0ning \u00ed \u00feessum hluta netn\u00e1mskei\u00f0sins.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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2.1 M\u00f6rk<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Ef \u00fe\u00fa hefur \u00e1str\u00ed\u00f0u fyrir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 sty\u00f0ja a\u00f0ra hefur \u00fe\u00fa sennilega teki\u00f0 eftir \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3tt vandam\u00e1l okkar og \u00e1kj\u00f3sanlegar lei\u00f0ir til a\u00f0 vera hugga\u00f0ar kunni a\u00f0 vera mismunandi, \u00fe\u00e1 eru \u00e1kve\u00f0nir \u00fe\u00e6ttir stu\u00f0nings sem eru mikilv\u00e6gir fyrir marga. \u00d6ryggi er eitt af \u00feeim. Skortur \u00e1 \u00f6ryggi \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir \u00ed \u00feessu samhengi ekki a\u00f0 vera \u00ed h\u00e6ttu \u00e1 a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a fyrir l\u00edkamlegum ska\u00f0a, heldur kv\u00ed\u00f0a, vanl\u00ed\u00f0an og \u00f3tta sem gerir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 verkum a\u00f0 einstaklingurinn \u00e1 erfitt me\u00f0 a\u00f0 opna sig. N\u00e1nar ver\u00f0ur fjalla\u00f0 um a\u00f0 skapa \u00f6ruggt umhverfi \u00ed kafla 4 \u2013 \u00d6ruggt r\u00fdmi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n \n\n

\u00d6ryggistilfinningin er ekki a\u00f0eins bundin vi\u00f0 umhverfi okkar heldur einnig hvernig a\u00f0rir hafa samskipti vi\u00f0 okkur. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00f3m\u00f6gulegt a\u00f0 skrifa ni\u00f0ur allt sem vi\u00f0 viljum a\u00f0 hinn a\u00f0ilinn geri og segi og \u00feess vegna t\u00f6lum vi\u00f0 \u00ed sta\u00f0inn um \u00feau m\u00f6rk sem jafningjar geta sett til a\u00f0 eiga skilvirkari samskipti. \u00deessi m\u00f6rk eru almennt k\u00f6llu\u00f0 pers\u00f3nuleg m\u00f6rk.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hva\u00f0 eru m\u00f6rk? <\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Pers\u00f3nuleg m\u00f6rk e\u00f0a ath\u00f6fnin a\u00f0 setja m\u00f6rk er l\u00edfsleikni sem hefur veri\u00f0 vins\u00e6l af sj\u00e1lfshj\u00e1lparh\u00f6fundum og stu\u00f0ningsh\u00f3pum s\u00ed\u00f0an um mi\u00f0jan n\u00edunda \u00e1ratuginn. \u00dea\u00f0 er venja a\u00f0 mi\u00f0la opinsk\u00e1tt og halda fram pers\u00f3nulegum gildum sem lei\u00f0 til a\u00f0 var\u00f0veita og vernda gegn \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00feau ver\u00f0i svikin e\u00f0a brotin.<\/span><\/p>
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\u00cd jafningjastu\u00f0ningi eru m\u00f6rk sett til a\u00f0 tryggja \u00f6ryggi beggja a\u00f0ila. \u00dear sem f\u00f3lk me\u00f0 l\u00edfsreynslu, jafningjastu\u00f0ningsmenn og f\u00f3lk sem \u00fea\u00f0 sty\u00f0ur g\u00e6ti haft efni sem eru s\u00e1rsaukafull fyrir \u00fe\u00e1 e\u00f0a sem \u00feeir eru ekki tilb\u00fanir til a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a, g\u00e6tu \u00feeir vilja\u00f0 for\u00f0ast l\u00edkamlega snertingu e\u00f0a jafnvel samskipti \u00feegar a\u00f0rir eru vi\u00f0staddir. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00f3m\u00f6gulegt a\u00f0 giska \u00e1 hva\u00f0 einhver g\u00e6ti veri\u00f0 vi\u00f0kv\u00e6mur fyrir, svo a\u00f0 \u201efara blindur\u201c og spyrja spurninga \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00edhuga hvort samtalaf\u00e9lagi \u00feinn s\u00e9 \u00ed lagi me\u00f0 \u00feessar spurningar getur leitt til misskilnings, e\u00f0a \u00fea\u00f0 sem verra er, taps \u00e1 trausti og \u00fear me\u00f0 endalokum. af jafningjasamband.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>
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M\u00f6rk vernda jafningjastu\u00f0ningsmenn l\u00edka: ef \u00feeir gefa ekki sk\u00fdrar uppl\u00fdsingar um hvernig h\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 hafa samband vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1, \u00e1 hva\u00f0a t\u00edmum e\u00f0a hversu oft \u00feeir g\u00e6tu veri\u00f0 tilt\u00e6kir g\u00e6tu \u00feeir lent \u00ed a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0um \u00fear sem \u00feeir f\u00e1 s\u00edmt\u00f6l \u00e1 \u00f3\u00fe\u00e6gilegustu t\u00edmum, er leita\u00f0 til \u00feeirra oftar en \u00feeir r\u00e1\u00f0a vi\u00f0, og \u00feeir g\u00e6tu brunni\u00f0 \u00fat. \u00de\u00fa getur fundi\u00f0 frekari uppl\u00fdsingar um hvernig \u00fe\u00fa getur annast sj\u00e1lfan \u00feig sem jafningjastu\u00f0ningsmann \u00ed kafla 8 \u2013 Sj\u00e1lfshj\u00e1lp.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Mikilv\u00e6g atri\u00f0i a\u00f0 hafa \u00ed huga<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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B\u00e1\u00f0ir a\u00f0ilar \u00feurfa a\u00f0 vera s\u00e1ttir vi\u00f0 \u00feau m\u00f6rk sem sett eru. Mikilv\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a \u00feau vi\u00f0 upphaf jafningjastu\u00f0nings sambandsins svo b\u00e1\u00f0ir a\u00f0ilar hafi s\u00f6mu v\u00e6ntingar til \u00feess. Haldi\u00f0 \u00e1fram a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a um m\u00f6rk \u00feegar \u00fea\u00f0 \u00e1 vi\u00f0 e\u00f0a \u00feegar fari\u00f0 er yfir fyrirfram skilgreind m\u00f6rk. \u00dea\u00f0 er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 hafa \u00f6ruggt r\u00fdmi til a\u00f0 deila. \u00dea\u00f0 eru margar skilgreiningar \u00e1 m\u00f6rkum. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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D\u00e6mi um m\u00f6rk<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00dea\u00f0 eru margar lei\u00f0ir til a\u00f0 flokka m\u00f6rk: \u00fea\u00f0 eru lagaleg og samf\u00e9lagsleg m\u00f6rk sem lei\u00f0beina sem borgara \u00ed samf\u00e9lagi, menningarm\u00f6rk sem skilgreina hvernig \u00e1 a\u00f0 haga s\u00e9r \u00ed mismunandi umhverfi og au\u00f0vita\u00f0 pers\u00f3nuleg m\u00f6rk sem vi\u00f0 mi\u00f0lum munnlega e\u00f0a \u00f3or\u00f0lega sem gefa okkur v\u00edsbendingar um hvernig \u00e1 a\u00f0 koma fram vi\u00f0 tiltekna manneskju.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>
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Sumum l\u00edkar ekki a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta snerta sig e\u00f0a \u00feola ekki f\u00f3lk \u00ed n\u00e1l\u00e6g\u00f0, a\u00f0rir hafa \u00e1kve\u00f0nar umr\u00e6\u00f0ur sem vekja upp s\u00e1rsaukafullar minningar e\u00f0a gremju sem \u00feeir vilja for\u00f0ast. \u00dea\u00f0 er f\u00f3lk sem getur a\u00f0eins \u00e1tt samskipti \u00ed gegnum t\u00f6lvup\u00f3st og f\u00f3lk sem er bara \u00fe\u00e6gilegt a\u00f0 tala einn \u00e1 einn e\u00f0a finnst klukkut\u00edma langir fundir of \u00e1kafir. \u00dea\u00f0 sem skiptir m\u00e1li er a\u00f0 allt \u00feetta gildir og beri a\u00f0 vir\u00f0a og fylgja eftir eins og kostur er til a\u00f0 jafningjastu\u00f0ningssambandi\u00f0 bl\u00f3mstri. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u00c6fing<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00cd \u00feessari t\u00f6flu s\u00e9r\u00f0u nokkrar mismunandi athafnir og a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur sem g\u00e6tu komi\u00f0 upp \u00ed jafningjastu\u00f0ningssambandi \u00fe\u00ednu. Verkefni \u00feitt er a\u00f0 \u00e1kve\u00f0a hvar erfi\u00f0 m\u00f6rk \u00fe\u00edn (t.d. eitthva\u00f0 sem \u00e6tti aldrei a\u00f0 gerast) og mj\u00fak m\u00f6rk (hlutir sem geta veri\u00f0 \u00ed lagi eftir a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0um) liggja, a\u00f0 teknu tilliti til hugsanlegra aflei\u00f0inga hvers og eins fyrir b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00feig og jafnaldra \u00fe\u00edna. Hugleiddu \u00fe\u00edn eigin m\u00f6rk og haf\u00f0u \u00feau \u00ed huga \u00feegar \u00fe\u00fa ert a\u00f0 sty\u00f0ja jafningja. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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M\u00f6rkin \u00fe\u00edn eru \u00feitt val, en \u00e1 me\u00f0an \u00fe\u00fa velur er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 \u00edhuga hvort m\u00f6rk samr\u00e6mist meginreglum um a\u00f0 veita si\u00f0fer\u00f0ilegan stu\u00f0ning. Eftirfarandi tafla s\u00fdnir sj\u00f3narhorn jafningjastu\u00f0ningsmannsins og samhengi hennar er a\u00f0 bj\u00f3\u00f0a jafningjastu\u00f0ning.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAction or behaviour regarding people receiving services<\/b>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tnever ok<\/b>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tmaybe ok<\/b>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\talways ok<\/b>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/th>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/thead>\r\n\t\t\t\t
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Please enter all the answers<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t1. A\u00f0 kn\u00fasa\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t2. A\u00f0 f\u00e1 fa\u00f0mlag\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t3. A\u00f0 gefa vi\u00f0komandi s\u00edman\u00fameri\u00f0 \u00feitt\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t4. A\u00f0 tengjast vi\u00f0komandi \u00e1 samf\u00e9lagsmi\u00f0lum\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t5. A\u00f0 m\u00e6ta \u00e1 stu\u00f0ningsh\u00f3psfund saman\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t6. M\u00e6tum \u00e1 f\u00e9lagsvi\u00f0bur\u00f0 saman\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t7. A\u00f0 f\u00e1 s\u00e9r \u00e1fengan drykk saman\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t8. \u00c1kve\u00f0a hva\u00f0 er best fyrir manneskjuna\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t9. A\u00f0 \u00ferengja val og bj\u00f3\u00f0a upp \u00e1 besta kostinn fyrir vi\u00f0komandi\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t10. A\u00f0 gefa vi\u00f0komandi gj\u00f6f\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t11. A\u00f0 gefa vi\u00f0komandi peninga\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t12. A\u00f0 \u00feiggja gj\u00f6f fr\u00e1 vi\u00f0komandi\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t13. A\u00f0 f\u00e1 peninga fr\u00e1 vi\u00f0komandi (ef \u00fe\u00fa ert ekki a\u00f0 veita jafningjastu\u00f0ningi sem gjaldskylda \u00fej\u00f3nustu\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t14. A\u00f0 bj\u00f3\u00f0a vi\u00f0komandi heim til \u00fe\u00edn\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t15. A\u00f0 \u00feiggja bo\u00f0 heim til vi\u00f0komandi\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t16. A\u00f0 eiga kynfer\u00f0islegt\/r\u00f3mant\u00edskt samband vi\u00f0 manneskjuna\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t17. A\u00f0 eiga kynfer\u00f0islegt\/r\u00f3mant\u00edskt samband vi\u00f0 fj\u00f6lskyldume\u00f0lim vi\u00f0komandi\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t18. A\u00f0 birta pers\u00f3nulegar uppl\u00fdsingar sem deilt er \u00ed tr\u00fana\u00f0i (\u00e1 ekki vi\u00f0 um misnotkun e\u00f0a l\u00edfsh\u00e6ttulegar uppl\u00fdsingar)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t19. A\u00f0 vernda vi\u00f0komandi gegn ska\u00f0legum aflei\u00f0ingum\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t20. Gefa \u00e1lit um \u00e1v\u00edsa\u00f0 lyf\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t21. Gefa \u00e1lit um a\u00f0ra me\u00f0fer\u00f0\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t22. A\u00f0 tj\u00e1 tortryggni um bata\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t23. Tala um pers\u00f3nulega bar\u00e1ttu\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t24. Tala um pers\u00f3nulegan \u00e1rangu\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t25. A\u00f0 vera \u00ed m\u00f6rgum samb\u00f6ndum vi\u00f0 manneskjuna (t.d. styrktara\u00f0ila og jafningjas\u00e9rfr\u00e6\u00f0ing)\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t26. A\u00f0 rj\u00fafa tr\u00fana\u00f0 vegna sj\u00e1lfsv\u00edgs\u00e1\u00e6tlunar\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t27. A\u00f0 vera vinur\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/td>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tr>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/tbody>\r\n\t\t\t<\/table>\r\n\t\t<\/form>\r\n \t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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2.2 Samspil n\u00e1ndar og fjarl\u00e6g\u00f0ar<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00deegar jafningjar (\u00feeas a\u00f0 segja veitandi og s\u00e1 sem \u00feiggur) kynnast geta au\u00f0veldlega myndast sterk tengsl og dj\u00fapur skilningur \u00fear sem jafningjar deila \u00ed flestum tilfellum svipa\u00f0ri l\u00edfsreynslu. \u00deessi sameiginlega reynsla gefur m\u00f6guleikann \u00e1 a\u00f0 sambandi\u00f0 milli ykkar ver\u00f0i einstakt og \u00ed flestum tilfellum mj\u00f6g \u00e1hrifar\u00edkt. Af \u00feeirri \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0u er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 vera me\u00f0 sk\u00fdrar skilgreiningar \u00e1 v\u00e6ntingum og m\u00f6rkum. \u00dat fr\u00e1 \u00feessu samhengi er gott a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a fj\u00f6lbreytta \u00fe\u00e6tti sem var\u00f0a sampil n\u00e1ndar og fjarl\u00e6g\u00f0ar.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hvernig \u00e1 a\u00f0 skilgreina sampil n\u00e1ndar og fjarl\u00e6g\u00f0ar?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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F\u00f3lk sem hefur ge\u00f0r\u00e6n \u00e1skorun, hefur \u00fej\u00e1\u00f0st af misnotkun e\u00f0a f\u00edkn, g\u00e6ti \u00e1tt \u00ed erfi\u00f0leikum me\u00f0 a\u00f0 finna einhvern sem myndi skilja hva\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 hefur gengi\u00f0 \u00ed gegnum og tengjast reynslu sinni. A\u00f0 finna \u00feessa manneskju, jafningja sem hefur gengi\u00f0 \u00ed gegnum svipa\u00f0ar erfi\u00f0leikar, getur veri\u00f0 kr\u00f6ftug tilfinning og \u00fea\u00f0 getur skapa\u00f0 n\u00e1in tengsl, \u00fear sem \u00feeir tengjast hugsunum og minningum sem \u00feeir hef\u00f0u kannski ekki deilt \u00e1\u00f0ur. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00fe\u00e1 e\u00f0lilegt a\u00f0 leita n\u00e1l\u00e6g\u00f0ar vi\u00f0 \u00feann sem \u00feeir fundu \u00feessa d\u00fdrm\u00e6tu skyldleika vi\u00f0.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

Annar \u00fe\u00e1ttur jafningjastu\u00f0nings sem gerir hann mj\u00f6g a\u00f0la\u00f0andi fyrir f\u00f3lk sem skortir \u00e1rangursr\u00edkt stu\u00f0ningskerfi er s\u00fa sta\u00f0reynd a\u00f0 jafningjastu\u00f0ningurinn notar eigin reynslu sem d\u00e6mi e\u00f0a til a\u00f0 hvetja \u00feann sem \u00fearfnast stu\u00f0nings. Og \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 \u00feetta s\u00e9 a\u00f0 einhverju leyti einhli\u00f0a samband (annar a\u00f0ilinn hlustar oft meira, hinn talar meira), \u00fe\u00e1 getur stu\u00f0ningurinn fundi\u00f0 fyrir eins og \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 \u00ed raun tv\u00edhli\u00f0a samband, e\u00f0a jafnvel vin\u00e1tta. A\u00f0 hafa einhvern sem hlustar \u00e1 \u00feig \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 deila s\u00ednum eigin hversdagslegu \u00e1hyggjum, er sam\u00fa\u00f0arfullur vi\u00f0 \u00feig, er forvitinn um l\u00edf \u00feitt og setur a\u00f0eins hluta af eigin reynslu inn \u00ed samtali\u00f0 \u00feegar \u00fea\u00f0 er gagnlegt fyrir \u00feig kann a\u00f0 vir\u00f0ast vera hi\u00f0 fullkomna samband vi\u00f0 einhvern sem er enn \u00ed erfi\u00f0leikum og hefur \u00feess vegna minni \u00e1huga \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed sem a\u00f0rir eru a\u00f0 ganga \u00ed gegnum.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

Jafninginn er ekki vinur, r\u00f3mant\u00edskur f\u00e9lagi e\u00f0a fj\u00f6lskyldume\u00f0limur. \u00de\u00f3 a\u00f0 \u00feeir geti teki\u00f0 a\u00f0 s\u00e9r mismunandi hlutverk \u00ed tengslum vi\u00f0 manneskjuna sem \u00feeir studdu eftir a\u00f0 jafningjastu\u00f0ningssambandi l\u00fdkur, \u00fe\u00e1 er mikilv\u00e6gt \u00e1 me\u00f0an \u00e1 jafningjastu\u00f0ningi stendur a\u00f0 hlutverk \u00feeirra s\u00e9 sk\u00fdrt og skili\u00f0 af b\u00e6\u00f0i stu\u00f0ningsmanni og jafningja. \u00deetta \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir a\u00f0 setja m\u00f6rk eins og: a\u00f0 sam\u00feykkja a\u00f0 hittast \u00ed \u00e1kve\u00f0inn fj\u00f6lda sinnum, takmarka samskipti me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 halda samf\u00e9lagsmi\u00f0lareikningum \u00fe\u00ednum og s\u00edman\u00famerum loku\u00f0um, hafna gj\u00f6fum og tilbo\u00f0um um a\u00f0 hittast \u00ed \u00f6\u00f0ru umhverfi. \u00dea\u00f0 kann a\u00f0 vir\u00f0ast grimmt a\u00f0 setja \u00feessi skilyr\u00f0i \u00e1 jafningjastu\u00f0ningssambandi \u00fe\u00ednu, en \u00ed raun eru \u00feau nau\u00f0synleg til a\u00f0 vernda b\u00e6\u00f0i jafningjastu\u00f0ningsmanninn og jafningjann.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

Jafningjar sty\u00f0ja oft fleiri en einn einstakling \u00ed einu og hafa tilhneigingu til a\u00f0 gera \u00fea\u00f0 utan vinnu og f\u00e9lagsl\u00edfs, \u00feannig a\u00f0 t\u00edmi \u00feeirra er n\u00fa \u00feegar takmarka\u00f0ur. Til a\u00f0 for\u00f0ast kulnun er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 jafningjastu\u00f0ningsa\u00f0ilinn s\u00e9 hei\u00f0arlegur vi\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfan sig um hversu mikla orku og t\u00edma hann hefur til a\u00f0 bj\u00f3\u00f0a \u00f6\u00f0rum. Ef \u00feeir l\u00e1ta stj\u00f3rnast af b\u00e6num manneskjunnar sem \u00feeir sty\u00f0ja og verja of miklum t\u00edma s\u00ednum \u00ed jafningjastu\u00f0ning, g\u00e6tu \u00feeir or\u00f0i\u00f0 stressa\u00f0ir, \u00f3vart og \u00e1 einum t\u00edmapunkti \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 a\u00f0 h\u00e6tta. \u00deetta getur haft neikv\u00e6\u00f0 \u00e1hrif \u00e1 l\u00ed\u00f0anjafningjans og einstaklingsins \u00ed bata. Til d\u00e6mis hefur f\u00f3lk sem hefur alvarleg ge\u00f0heilbrig\u00f0isvandam\u00e1l l\u00edklega veri\u00f0 sviki\u00f0 \u00ed fort\u00ed\u00f0inni af f\u00f3lki sem hefur fari\u00f0 inn \u00ed l\u00edf sitt me\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0um \u00e1setningi en enda\u00f0 \u00e1 a\u00f0 yfirgefa \u00fea\u00f0 \u00feegar \u00fea\u00f0 er or\u00f0i\u00f0 of miki\u00f0 a\u00f0 takast \u00e1 vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0. Jafninginn \u00e6tti ekki a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a anna\u00f0 nafn \u00e1 \u00feeim lista.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

Jafningjar sty\u00f0ja oft fleiri en einn einstakling \u00ed einu og hafa tilhneigingu til a\u00f0 gera \u00fea\u00f0 utan vinnu og f\u00e9lagsl\u00edfs, \u00feannig a\u00f0 t\u00edmi \u00feeirra er n\u00fa \u00feegar takmarka\u00f0ur. Til a\u00f0 for\u00f0ast kulnun er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 jafningjastu\u00f0ningsa\u00f0ilinn s\u00e9 hei\u00f0arlegur vi\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfan sig um hversu mikla orku og t\u00edma hann hefur til a\u00f0 bj\u00f3\u00f0a \u00f6\u00f0rum. Ef \u00feeir l\u00e1ta stj\u00f3rnast af b\u00e6num manneskjunnar sem \u00feeir sty\u00f0ja og verja of miklum t\u00edma s\u00ednum \u00ed jafningjastu\u00f0ning, g\u00e6tu \u00feeir or\u00f0i\u00f0 stressa\u00f0ir, \u00f3vart og \u00e1 einum t\u00edmapunkti \u00e1kve\u00f0i\u00f0 a\u00f0 h\u00e6tta. \u00deetta getur haft neikv\u00e6\u00f0 \u00e1hrif \u00e1 l\u00ed\u00f0anjafningjans og einstaklingsins \u00ed bata. Til d\u00e6mis hefur f\u00f3lk sem hefur alvarleg ge\u00f0heilbrig\u00f0isvandam\u00e1l l\u00edklega veri\u00f0 sviki\u00f0 \u00ed fort\u00ed\u00f0inni af f\u00f3lki sem hefur fari\u00f0 inn \u00ed l\u00edf sitt me\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0um \u00e1setningi en enda\u00f0 \u00e1 a\u00f0 yfirgefa \u00fea\u00f0 \u00feegar \u00fea\u00f0 er or\u00f0i\u00f0 of miki\u00f0 a\u00f0 takast \u00e1 vi\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0. Jafninginn \u00e6tti ekki a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a anna\u00f0 nafn \u00e1 \u00feeim lista.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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2.3 Valdefling<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\u00de\u00f3 a\u00f0 ekkert okkar hafi ofurkrafta, \u00fe\u00e1 er \u00fea\u00f0 sem vi\u00f0 h\u00f6fum h\u00e6fileikann til a\u00f0 taka \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir, l\u00e6ra, gera tilraunir og \u00ed gegnum allt \u00feetta vaxa sem f\u00f3lk. Ge\u00f0heilbrig\u00f0is\u00e1skoranir geta teki\u00f0 af einstaklingnum drifkraftinn og \u00e1kvar\u00f0anat\u00f6kuh\u00e6fileikana, sem veldur \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 hann ver\u00f0ur \u00f3virkur, svarts\u00fdnn og vanm\u00e1ttugur \u00feegar kemur a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 hj\u00e1lpa sj\u00e1lfum s\u00e9r. \u00cd \u00feessum kafla munum vi\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a lei\u00f0ir sem jafningjastu\u00f0ningur getur eflt \u00fe\u00e1 sem \u00feurfa mest \u00e1 honum a\u00f0 halda.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hva\u00f0 er valdefling?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Valdefling hefur veri\u00f0 skilgreind sem v\u00edsvitandi \u00e1framhaldandi ferli sem mi\u00f0ast vi\u00f0 n\u00e6rsamf\u00e9lagi\u00f0, sem felur \u00ed s\u00e9r gagnkv\u00e6ma vir\u00f0ingu, gagnr\u00fdna \u00edgrundun, umhyggju og h\u00f3p\u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku, \u00fear sem f\u00f3lk sem skortir jafnan hlut af metnum au\u00f0lindum \u00f6\u00f0last meiri a\u00f0gang a\u00f0 og stj\u00f3rn yfir \u00feeim au\u00f0lindum; e\u00f0a ferli \u00fear sem f\u00f3lk \u00f6\u00f0last stj\u00f3rn \u00e1 l\u00edfi s\u00ednu, l\u00fd\u00f0r\u00e6\u00f0islega \u00fe\u00e1ttt\u00f6ku \u00ed l\u00edfi samf\u00e9lags s\u00edns og gagnr\u00fdninn skilning \u00e1 umhverfi s\u00ednu (Perkins & Zimmerman, Empowerment Theory, Research and Application, 1995). \u00c1 ge\u00f0heilbrig\u00f0issvi\u00f0i getur valdefling einnig \u00fe\u00fdtt tr\u00fa \u00e1 m\u00f6guleika \u00e1 bata og a\u00f0 einstaklingurinn sj\u00e1lfur geti teki\u00f0 \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir og breytingar sem b\u00e6ta l\u00ed\u00f0an s\u00edna. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hvernig er valdefling?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Valdefling sn\u00fdst um a\u00f0 upplifa eigin kraft. \u00dea\u00f0 er tilfinning um styrk og tr\u00fa \u00e1 a\u00f0 hlutir geti breyst \u00ed l\u00edfi \u00fe\u00ednu og a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fa hafir kraft til a\u00f0 breyta \u00feeim, a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fa hafir stj\u00f3rn \u00e1 \u00fe\u00ednu eigin l\u00edfi (aftur). \u00deessi tilfinning um kraft gefur \u00fe\u00e9r von og virkar sem eldsneyti fyrir bata. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hvernig eflum vi\u00f0 valdeflingu hj\u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum? <\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Valdefling er \u00ed vissum skilningi svipa\u00f0 bata: \u00fe\u00fa getur ekki batna\u00f0 fyrir einhvern annan, n\u00e9 getur \u00fe\u00fa \u00ed raun styrkt a\u00f0ra manneskju. \u00dea\u00f0 sem \u00fe\u00fa getur gert sem jafningjastu\u00f0ningsma\u00f0ur er a\u00f0 lei\u00f0beina og au\u00f0velda ferli\u00f0, byggja \u00e1 eigin reynslu og \u00farr\u00e6\u00f0um sem \u00fe\u00fa hefur vi\u00f0 h\u00f6ndina.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n

Tr\u00fain \u00e1 a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 ekkert sem ma\u00f0ur getur gert til a\u00f0 hj\u00e1lpa s\u00e9r er erfitt a\u00f0 berjast gegn \u00fear sem von, sj\u00e1lfstraust og traust \u00e1 \u00f6\u00f0rum er ekki au\u00f0velt a\u00f0 endurheimta \u00feegar \u00fea\u00f0 er glata\u00f0. \u00dea\u00f0 eru engar fl\u00fdtilei\u00f0ir e\u00f0a teikningar til a\u00f0 n\u00e1 sj\u00e1lfstyrkingu en sem einhver me\u00f0 svipa\u00f0a reynslu getur\u00f0u nota\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfan \u00feig sem d\u00e6mi til a\u00f0 sanna a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 m\u00f6gulegt. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Hva\u00f0 virkar \u00ed jafningjastu\u00f0nings sambandi \u00feegar valdefling er h\u00f6f\u00f0 a\u00f0 lei\u00f0arlj\u00f3si? <\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Jafningjar geta bo\u00f0i\u00f0 upp \u00e1 uppl\u00fdsingar, hugsunar\u00e6fingar og a\u00f0sto\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0komandi vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 vinna \u00far \u00f6llum efasemdum og \u00f3\u00f6ryggi sem upp kunna a\u00f0 koma \u00feannig a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 hindri ekki framvinduna. \u00deeir geta l\u00edka skapa\u00f0 j\u00e1kv\u00e6tt og s\u00e6tt r\u00fdmi me\u00f0 t\u00e6kif\u00e6rum til a\u00f0 f\u00e1 \u00fatr\u00e1s, teki\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed skemmtilegum verkefnum, tengst \u00f6\u00f0rum \u00e1 batalei\u00f0inni og l\u00e6rt sj\u00e1lfshj\u00e1lparh\u00e6fileika. \u00deegar f\u00f3lki finnst a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 vel \u00feegi\u00f0 og teki\u00f0 \u00e1 m\u00f3ti \u00fev\u00ed eins og \u00fea\u00f0 er, galla og raskanir \u00fear \u00e1 me\u00f0al, opnar \u00fea\u00f0 r\u00fdmi fyrir sj\u00e1lfsko\u00f0un og hugrekki til a\u00f0 fa\u00f0ma og jafnvel leita breytinga.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>

Ein a\u00f0fer\u00f0 til a\u00f0 nota jafningjastu\u00f0ning vi\u00f0 valdeflingu er k\u00f6llu\u00f0 Wellness Recovery Action Plan (Copeland, WRAP & Peer Support Handbook, 2016). WRAP b\u00fd\u00f0ur upp \u00e1 nokkrar grundvallarreglur til a\u00f0 skapa umhverfi vonar og styrkingar.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

  • Tr\u00fa \u00e1 endalausan bata<\/span><\/li>
  • Hafa tr\u00fa \u00e1 a\u00f0 hver og einn er s\u00e9rfr\u00e6\u00f0ingur \u00ed sj\u00e1lfum s\u00e9r og a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 eru til margar mismunandi lei\u00f0ir a\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0ri l\u00ed\u00f0an og bata.<\/span><\/li>
  • Taka jafningjum eins og \u00feau eru.<\/span><\/li>
  • Bera von fyrir jafningjana;\u00a0<\/span><\/li>
  • Leggja \u00e1herslu \u00e1 styrkleika jafningjans og hafa tr\u00fa \u00e1 jafningjanum; <\/span>and express confidence in them;<\/span><\/li>
  • Sam\u00feykkja upplifun jafningjans;<\/span><\/li>
  • Gefa jafningjum mismunandi valm\u00f6guleika a\u00f0 velja \u00far \u00ed bataferlinu;<\/span><\/li>
  • Vera sj\u00e1lf fyrirmynd um von og bata. <\/span><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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    \n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
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    \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u00c6fing\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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    • Huglei\u00f0i\u00f0 ykkar eigi\u00f0 l\u00edf og bataferli.
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    • Finni\u00f0 augnablik \u00fear sem \u00fei\u00f0 upplif\u00f0u\u00f0 styrk og von \u00fer\u00e1tt fyrir erfi\u00f0ar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur e\u00f0a t\u00edmabil \u00ed l\u00edfi ykkar.
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    • Velti\u00f0 fyrir ykkur hva\u00f0a \u00fe\u00e6ttir \u00e1ttu hlut \u00ed \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 \u00fei\u00f0 upplif\u00f0u\u00f0 \u00feennann styrk og\/e\u00f0a \u00feessa valdeflingu. Hver var tilfinningin? Hverjir \u00e1ttu \u00ed hlut? Hva\u00f0 var sagt e\u00f0a gert?
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    • Hvernig breytti \u00fea\u00f0 l\u00edfi ykkar a\u00f0 finna \u00feennann styrk?\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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      2.4 Bati<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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      Hva\u00f0 er bati fr\u00e1 andlegum \u00e1skorunum?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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      When it comes to mental illness, recovery can mean different things. For some people, it means no longer having symptoms of their mental health condition. For others, it means managing their symptoms, regaining control of their life and learning new ways to live the life they want.<\/span><\/p>
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      Bataferli\u00f0 er mj\u00f6g pers\u00f3nuleg vegfer\u00f0, bataferli er algj\u00f6rlega einstaklingsmi\u00f0a\u00f0 og getur teki\u00f0 \u00e1 sig \u00fdmsar myndir. Fyrir suma g\u00e6ti \u00fea\u00f0 innihaldi\u00f0 l\u00e6knisfr\u00e6\u00f0ilega me\u00f0fer\u00f0, jafningjastu\u00f0ning, stu\u00f0ning fr\u00e1 fj\u00f6lskyldu og sj\u00e1lfsumhyggju, \u00e1samt \u00f6\u00f0rum a\u00f0fer\u00f0um.<\/span><\/p>
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      Bataferli\u00f0 er sjaldnast bein l\u00edna upp \u00e1 vi\u00f0, hj\u00e1 flestum einkennist \u00fea\u00f0 af sveiflum, allt fr\u00e1 framf\u00f6rum og vexti yfir \u00ed baksl\u00f6g og \u00feess \u00e1 milli. Ferli\u00f0 er \u00fev\u00ed eins og flest anna\u00f0 \u00ed mannlegri tilveru \u00fear sem f\u00e6st gengur grei\u00f0a veginn, flest fetum vi\u00f0 \u00fdmsar kr\u00f3kalei\u00f0ir \u00e1 fer\u00f0alagi okkar \u00ed gegnum l\u00edfi\u00f0. \u00deess vegna krefst bataferli\u00f0 af okkur a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 s\u00e9um \u00feolinm\u00f3\u00f0, s\u00fdnum okkur mildi og missum ekki tr\u00fana \u00e1 a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 komumst \u00ed gegn um erfi\u00f0leikana sem vi\u00f0 st\u00f6ndum frammi fyrir. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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      \u00dea\u00f0 eru mismunandi hlutir sem geta hj\u00e1lpa\u00f0 og engin r\u00e9tt e\u00f0a r\u00f6ng lei\u00f0 til a\u00f0 jafna sig. Almennt nota\u00f0a fj\u00f3rv\u00edddar batal\u00edkani\u00f0 (SAMHSA, <\/span>Skilgreining \u00e1 bata<\/span><\/i>, 2012) bendir til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9u fj\u00f3rir lykil\u00fe\u00e6ttir \u00e1 lei\u00f0inni til bata:<\/span><\/p>

      Heilsa<\/b> a\u00f0 taka uppl\u00fdstar \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir sem sty\u00f0ja vi\u00f0 andlegt og l\u00edkamlegt heilbrig\u00f0i.<\/span><\/p>

      Heimili: a\u00f0 hafa \u00f6ruggan samasta\u00f0.<\/p>

      Tilgangur<\/b> a\u00f0 hafa eitthva\u00f0 til stefnu sem veitir tilgang hvort sem \u00fea\u00f0 er starf, sj\u00e1lfbo\u00f0ali\u00f0ast\u00f6rf, a\u00f0 hugsa um fj\u00f6lskylduna, listsk\u00f6pun e\u00f0a \u00f6nnur \u00e1hugam\u00e1l.<\/span><\/p>

      Samf\u00e9lag<\/b> a\u00f0 hafa sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0i og\/ e\u00f0a frelsi \u00ed samf\u00e9laginu og n\u00fdta \u00farr\u00e6\u00f0i til a\u00f0 taka virkan \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed samf\u00e9laginu.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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      <\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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      Jafningjastu\u00f0ningur og bati<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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      \u00deegar vi\u00f0 veitum jafningjastu\u00f0ning til \u00feeirra sem gl\u00edma vi\u00f0 andlegar \u00e1skoranir \u00e6ttum vi\u00f0 alltaf a\u00f0 hafa \u00fe\u00e1 hugsj\u00f3n a\u00f0 lei\u00f0arlj\u00f3si a\u00f0 bati er m\u00f6gulegur fyrir hverja einustu manneskju. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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      H\u00e9r eru nokkrar af m\u00f6rgum lei\u00f0um sem \u00fe\u00fa getur n\u00fdtt \u00fe\u00e9r til a\u00f0 sty\u00f0ja vi\u00f0 bata jafningja:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

      • Hvetja \u00fe\u00e1 til umhugsunar um hva\u00f0 bati e\u00f0a innihaldsr\u00edkt l\u00edf \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0ir fyrir \u00fe\u00e1.<\/span><\/li>
      • Bj\u00f3\u00f0a upp \u00e1 stu\u00f0ning vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 setja s\u00e9r pers\u00f3nuleg markmi\u00f0 \u00ed \u00e1tt a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 lifa innihaldsr\u00edku l\u00edfi<\/span><\/li>
      • Au\u00f0velda \u00edgrundun um hverjir eru styrkleikar, gildi og \u00farr\u00e6\u00f0i \u00feeirra og hvernig \u00feeir geta\nnota\u00f0 eftirfarandi til a\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0last bata.<\/li>
      • Tj\u00e1\u00f0u von og vertu hvetjandi \u00ed vi\u00f0 hvert skref \u00ed bataferli \u00feeirra, \u00ed gegnum allar h\u00e6\u00f0ir og\nl\u00e6g\u00f0ir \u00ed bata.<\/li>
      • Vi\u00f0urkenndu og fagna\u00f0u afrekum \u00feeirra, hvort sem \u00fea\u00f0 er st\u00f3rt e\u00f0a sm\u00e1tt, og \u00feeim skrefum sem jafningi tekur \u00ed \u00e1tt til bata.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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        Batamarkmi\u00f0<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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        \u00deegar \u00fei\u00f0 setji\u00f0 upp markmi\u00f0 me\u00f0 jafningjanum getur veri\u00f0 hj\u00e1lplegt a\u00f0 nota SMART kerfi\u00f0.<\/p>

        Sk\u00fdr <\/b>Vera sk\u00fdr var\u00f0andi hva\u00f0 einstaklingurinn vill gera (t.d. stunda j\u00f3ga einu sinni \u00ed viku n\u00e6stkomandi h\u00e1lfa \u00e1ri\u00f0).<\/span><\/p>

        M\u00e6lanleg <\/b>Ef markmi\u00f0i\u00f0 skiptir einstaklingnum m\u00e1li er l\u00edklegra a\u00f0 vi\u00f0komandi heldur s\u00ednu striki (t.d. j\u00f3ga passar vi\u00f0 \u00e1hugam\u00e1l vi\u00f0komandi).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

        A\u00f0la\u00f0andi \/ a\u00f0ger\u00f0 <\/b>Getur jafninginn framkv\u00e6mt \u00feetta markmi\u00f0?<\/span><\/p>

        Raunh\u00e6ft <\/b>Eru \u00feessi markmi\u00f0 vi\u00f0eigandi fyrir einstaklinginn? (t.d. raunh\u00e6ft - vi\u00f0komandi hefur stunda\u00f0 svipa\u00f0ar \u00e6fingar \u00e1\u00f0ur og telur geta gert \u00fea\u00f0 aftur).<\/span><\/p>

        T\u00edmasett<\/b> Setji\u00f0 ni\u00f0ur dagsetningu hven\u00e6r \u00feessu markmi\u00f0i \u00e1 a\u00f0 vera n\u00e1\u00f0.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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        Bati og samb\u00f6nd<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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        Bati getur stundum framkalla\u00f0 tilfinningu um einmanaleika, \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 ferlinu fylgir mikill tilfinningalegur s\u00e1rsauki en \u00fea\u00f0 er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 vita a\u00f0 enginn \u00e1 a\u00f0 b\u00faast vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 fara \u00ed \u00feetta fer\u00f0alag einn. Tengslaneti\u00f0 \u00e1 s\u00e9r lykilhlutverk \u00ed bata \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 tengslamyndun styrkir yfirleitt ge\u00f0heilbrig\u00f0i og getur veitt \u00fea\u00f0 stu\u00f0ningsnet sem f\u00f3lk \u00fearf til a\u00f0 n\u00e1 s\u00e9r aftur eftir erfitt t\u00edmabil. \u00cd besta falli \u00e6tti f\u00f3lk hafa tengslanet me\u00f0 fj\u00f6lbreyttum tegundum tengsla sem eru mis-dj\u00fap. G\u00f3\u00f0 tengsl af \u00f6llum ger\u00f0um geta hj\u00e1lpa\u00f0 \u00ed bataferli \u00e1 \u00f3l\u00edkan h\u00e1tt ef vi\u00f0 l\u00edtum \u00e1 \u00feau sem tilfinningalegan-, hagn\u00fdtan og uppl\u00fdsingalegan stu\u00f0ning.<\/p>\n\n \n\n

        Samt geta tengsl og\/ e\u00f0a samb\u00f6nd l\u00edka veri\u00f0 partur af vandam\u00e1linu sem haf\u00f0i \u00ed f\u00f6r me\u00f0 s\u00e9r sl\u00e6ma ge\u00f0heilsu okkar \u00ed upphafi. \u00deess vegna getur veri\u00f0 nau\u00f0synlegur partur bataferlisins a\u00f0 sl\u00edta vissum samb\u00f6ndum ef \u00feau hamla vell\u00ed\u00f0an einstaklingsins. F\u00f3lk g\u00e6ti \u00feurft a\u00f0 sleppa t\u00f6kunum \u00e1 vissum vinasamb\u00f6ndum, \u00feurft a\u00f0 endurskipuleggja sig og setja m\u00f6rk.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n \n\n

        We all need a community or a group to belong to, so when recovering from mental health challenges, could be the right time to find your tribe people with similar interests, aspirations, passions or lived experiences. Joining a peer group can be a nurturing experience that allows you to feel that other people are struggling too, and learn from each other about ways to overcome the difficult times and build yourself up.<\/span><\/p>\n\n \n\n

        However, relationships can also be part of the problem that landed us in bad mental health in the first place, so as part of recovery it might be necessary to clean out some of the current relationships if they hinder personal wellbeing, let go of people, reorganise, set boundaries. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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        2.5 \u00c1fallami\u00f0a\u00f0ur jafningjastu\u00f0ningur<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
        \n\t\t\t\t
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        Meirihluti f\u00f3lks sem gengur \u00ed gegnum erfi\u00f0leika \u00ed l\u00edfinu hefur einhverja reynslu af \u00e1f\u00f6llum og\/ e\u00f0a \u00e1fallastreitu. \u00c1fall er skilgreint sem mj\u00f6g \u00e1takanlegum e\u00f0a s\u00e1rsaukafullum a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0um. A\u00f0 sty\u00f0ja f\u00f3lk sem or\u00f0i\u00f0 hefur fyrir \u00e1falli er mikilv\u00e6g f\u00e6rni \u00ed jafningjastu\u00f0ningi. \u00dea\u00f0 sn\u00fdst a\u00f0allega um a\u00f0 skapa \u00f6ruggt r\u00fdmi til a\u00f0 deila, heila og f\u00e1 stu\u00f0ning. <\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

        \n\t\t\t\t
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        Hva\u00f0 er \u00e1fall?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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        \u00dea\u00f0 eru til mismunandi skilgreiningar fyrir \u00e1f\u00f6ll. \u00cd \u00feessum kafla notum vi\u00f0 skilgreininguna hans Gabor Mat\u00e9: \u201c\u00c1fall er s\u00e1lr\u00e6nt s\u00e1r sem truflar \u00ed kj\u00f6lfari\u00f0 f\u00e6rni \u00fe\u00edna til a\u00f0 vaxa og \u00feroskast. \u00dea\u00f0 s\u00e6rir \u00feig og allt sem \u00fe\u00fa gerir, gerir \u00fe\u00fa \u00fat af \u00feessum s\u00e1rsauka. \u00dea\u00f0 framkallar \u00f3tta sem hefur \u00ed f\u00f6r me\u00f0 s\u00e9r a\u00f0 vi\u00f0komandi heg\u00f0ar s\u00e9r \u00fat \u00f3ttanum. \u00c1fall er ekki \u00fea\u00f0 sem kom fyrir, frekar er \u00fea\u00f0 hva\u00f0 gerist innra me\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e9r sem aflei\u00f0ing \u00feess sem kom fyrir \u00feig.\u201d<\/p>\n\n \n\n

        Algengar atbur\u00f0ir sem valda \u00e1f\u00f6llum geta veri\u00f0: n\u00e1tt\u00faruhamfarir (eins og eldur e\u00f0a fl\u00f3\u00f0), l\u00edkams\u00e1r\u00e1s e\u00f0a kynfer\u00f0isofbeldi, a\u00f0 ver\u00f0a vitni a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 einhver slasa\u00f0ist illa e\u00f0a drepist, heimilis-\/fj\u00f6lskylduofbeldi e\u00f0a misnotkun, l\u00edkamlegt e\u00f0a andlegt ofbeldi sem barn, h\u00f3ta\u00f0 vopn, a\u00f0 vera \u00ed haldi, upplifa str\u00ed\u00f0 (sem borgari e\u00f0a \u00ed her), alvarlegt slys (eins og b\u00edlslys).<\/span><\/p>\n\n \n\n

        Mismunandi a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur eins og kunnuglegir sta\u00f0ir, minningar, einstaklingar, hlj\u00f3\u00f0 e\u00f0a lykt geta kalla\u00f0 fram minningar um \u00e1f\u00f6ll og geta valdi\u00f0 tilfinningum eins og kv\u00ed\u00f0a, rei\u00f0i, sorg e\u00f0a jafnvel bardaga-e\u00f0a fl\u00f3ttavi\u00f0br\u00f6g\u00f0um. \u00de\u00f3 a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e6r kunni a\u00f0 vir\u00f0ast \u00f6fgafullar eru \u00feessar tilfinningar \u00ed raun e\u00f0lileg vi\u00f0br\u00f6g\u00f0 vi\u00f0 \u00f3e\u00f0lilegum a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0um e\u00f0a minningar um \u00f3e\u00f0lilegar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur.\nHugmyndir um hvernig \u00e1 a\u00f0 skapa \u00f6ruggt r\u00fdmi til a\u00f0 deila um \u00e1f\u00f6ll.<\/span><\/p>\n\n \n\n

        Sem jafningjastu\u00f0ningi g\u00e6tir\u00f0u hitt marga sem hafa or\u00f0i\u00f0 fyrir mismunandi \u00e1f\u00f6llum og \u00feess vegna er mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 \u00fe\u00fa kunnir a\u00f0 b\u00faa til \u00e1fallauppl\u00fdst r\u00fdmi.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

        \n\t\t\t\t
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        Hvernig \u00e1 a\u00f0 b\u00faa til \u00e1fallauppl\u00fdst r\u00fdmi?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
        \n\t\t\t\t
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        \u00dea\u00f0 eru fimm lei\u00f0beiningar sem rammi um hvernig \u00fej\u00f3nustuveitendur og um\u00f6nnunarkerfi geta skapa\u00f0 \u00f6ruggt r\u00fdmi til a\u00f0 draga \u00far l\u00edkum \u00e1 endur\u00e1falli og stu\u00f0la a\u00f0 bata:<\/span>:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

        1. \u00d6ryggi<\/b> a\u00f0 tryggja l\u00edkamlegt og andlegt \u00f6ryggi jafnaldra er fyrsta mikilv\u00e6ga skrefi\u00f0 \u00ed \u00e1fallauppl\u00fdstri um\u00f6nnun. \u00dea\u00f0 getur \u00fe\u00fdtt a\u00f0 velja \u00e1kve\u00f0na sta\u00f0setningu en einnig a\u00f0 finna jafningjan sem vi\u00f0komandi er ekki hr\u00e6ddur vi\u00f0;<\/span><\/li>
        2. \u00c1rei\u00f0anleiki<\/b> einstaklingurinn \u00fearf a\u00f0 vita a\u00f0 jafninginn er \u00e1rei\u00f0anlegur. \u00deetta er h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 sanna me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vir\u00f0a m\u00f6rk \u00feeirra og hafa samr\u00e6mda uppbyggingu fyrir fundi s\u00edna;<\/span><\/li>
        3. Val<\/b> \u00fev\u00ed meira val og stj\u00f3rn sem einstaklingurinn hefur yfir fundunum, \u00fev\u00ed \u00fe\u00e6gilegri er hann, sem aftur gerir \u00fea\u00f0 a\u00f0 verkum a\u00f0 hann opnar sig;<\/span><\/li>
        4. Samvinna<\/b> samvinna er \u00f6nnur lei\u00f0 til a\u00f0 gefa jafningjanum aftur kraftinn. A\u00f0 gera m\u00e1lami\u00f0lanir, deila efni og raunverulega gefa \u00feeim t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri til a\u00f0 vera virkur \u00fe\u00e1tttakandi \u00ed ferlinu eru mikilv\u00e6gir \u00fe\u00e6ttir \u00e1fallauppl\u00fdsts jafningjastu\u00f0nings<\/span><\/li>
        5. Valdefling <\/b>me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 einbl\u00edna \u00e1 styrkleika einstaklingsins og styrkja hann til a\u00f0 byggja \u00e1 \u00feeim styrkleikum \u00e1 sama t\u00edma og hann \u00fer\u00f3ar sterkari h\u00e6fni til a\u00f0 takast \u00e1 vi\u00f0 veitir honum heilbrig\u00f0an grunn til a\u00f0 falla aftur \u00ed ef \u00feeir lenda aftur \u00e1 baki.<\/span><\/li><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"featured_media":1391,"parent":0,"menu_order":2,"template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}}},"categories":[],"class_list":["post-387","article","type-article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/peersupport.training\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/387","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/peersupport.training\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/peersupport.training\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/article"}],"version-history":[{"count":180,"href":"https:\/\/peersupport.training\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/387\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1700,"href":"https:\/\/peersupport.training\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/article\/387\/revisions\/1700"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/peersupport.training\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1391"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/peersupport.training\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=387"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/peersupport.training\/is\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=387"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}